Conservation Of Energy Lab Answers

Introduction

Objective

Information technology is necessary to investigate the issue and answer the question of whether energy is conserved in a unproblematic mechanical arrangement or non.

Procedure

The pendulum bob is suspended at a convenient length L. It is then held at peak h which is recorded. The pendulum bob is released from the displaced height h and its velocity changes are observed and recorded as it swings back and forth.

Results

They are fully reflected on the data sheets provided.

Information assay

The move of a pendulum is a good demonstration of mechanical energy conservation. A pendulum consists of a mass (a bob) suspended by a cord to a pivot point. The pendulum moves back and along sweeping out a circular arc. The motion is done in a periodic fashion. In that location are but two forces influencing and acting upon the pendulum bob, they neglect air resistance which is very pocket-size even considering the small size of the pendulum. I of these forces is gravity which acts in a down management. It works on the pendulum bob and affects its movement. Even so, gravity is a conservative force, which is why it does not cause any modify to the full mechanical free energy of the bob.

Tension is another strength that acts upon the bob. It is an external force and has the ability to alter the total mechanical free energy if it causes an influence on the pendulum bob. All the same, the tension force does not work because information technology acts in a perpendicular direction to the motion of the bob at whatsoever given time. Having no external forces that practise the piece of work, the total mechanical energy of the pendulum bob is therefore conserved. The conservation of mechanical free energy is clearly seen where the falling motility of the bob goes with an increase in speed. Every bit the bob loses height and PE, it gains speed and KE and thus, the total number of the 2 mechanical energy forms is conserved.

KE = ½ mv^two

PE_gravity = mgh

Full mechanical free energy = Thou.E. + P.E.

Taking h = 0.1810m and v = ane.3810m/due south

KE = ½ mvⁱⁱ

⁼½ m1.3810²

^{=0.9535 J/kg}

PE_gravity = mgh

=m9.82*0.1810

=1.77742 J/kg

Total mechanical energy = G.E. + P.Eastward.

= 0.9535+1.77742

= 2.7310 J/kg

Taking h = 0.1590m and v = ane.5320m/due south

KE = ½ mv²

⁼½ m1.5320²

^{=1.174 Jkg}

PE_gravity = mgh

=m9.82*0.1590

=1.560 J/kg

Total mechanical energy = Yard.E. + P.E.

= one.174+ane.560

= two.733 J/kg

Thus, total mechanical energy in the system is conserved.

It is observed that KE appears to be at its maximum when h is at its lowest level. At the same point, PE is at its minimum when KE is at its minimum as well. It happens when h is at the highest level. In this very case, PE is at its maximum. Therefore, taking into business relationship and operating with doubtful and inaccurate data of h, a person cannot await to get correct results because they will be changed, so we will take maximum KE at the highest value of h.

Discussion

Considering the effigy shown below, we get the following data.

Formula

At betoken 'A', velocity of the bob is zero. Therefore, K.E. at point 'A' = 0.

Since the bob of the unproblematic pendulum is at a height (h), therefore, P.E. of the bob volition be maximum at this point. i.due east.

P.Due east. = mgh.

Total energy = M.E. + P.E.

= 0 + mgh = mgh

Thus, at point A, the total energy is potential energy.

When the bob of pendulum is released from point 'A', the velocity of bob increases gradually, while the height of bob is decreasing accordingly to it. At bespeak 'M', velocity will get maximum and the height will exist equal to zero. Therefore, from the equation below, it is seen that kinetic energy can be calculated. The full energy is a result of the summing of the given scores of ii energies. Kinetic energy plus potential energy is equal to the total energy.

1000.E. = maximum = 1/2mV², just P.East. = 0.

Total energy = K.E. + P.E

= i/2mVⁱⁱ + 0

= 1/2mV²

Hence, in this case, P.Eastward. is completely converted into K.Eastward. at betoken 'K'.

At point M, the bob of the pendulum does not stop due to inertia. It moves towards the point 'B' with its velocity gradually decreasing while on the reverse, the height increases. At point 'B', velocity of the bob becomes zero.

Thus, K.E. at point 'B' = 0, merely P.E. = max.

P.E. = mgh.

Total energy = K.Eastward. + P.E.

= 0 + mgh

= mgh

Thus, at indicate B, total energy is again potential free energy.

The measurements which are recorded in the datasheet are consistent with the equations that are shown in a higher place. The graphs drawn on the data sheets conspicuously prove the law of conservation of free energy which states that energy is never created nor destroyed. But, on the contrary, information technology is simply changed from one grade to another. We observe how PE converts to KE immediately when the pendulum bob is released from remainder. Also when h is at lowest point and KE is at its maximum, nosotros observe KE that is converted to PE now.

Abstract

In any experimental practice that deals with such a instance, some statistical and systematic errors may occur. All the same, information technology is considered to be an experiment, that is why it is not exempted from errors. For this report, statistical errors that may affect or influence the accuracy of the measurements include errors because of the equipment used to take the measurements. For case, the discrepancy may occur because of meter rules or timer. The failures may happen also when the readings are expressed to given decimal places or meaning figures. However, these errors can be ignored or assumed.

Systematic errors lead to biased results. In this experiment, information technology is causeless that air resistance is negligible, thus, there is no friction which may lower the acceleration of the pendulum bob. Also controversy and inaccuracy in the pulleys which are assumed frictionless in the formula bring about biased results. These factors introduce systematic errors in the measurements which are taken in the experiment. Some of the inaccurate data can be ignored or seen equally assumptions.

Conclusion

In decision, from the above analysis, it is observed that the total free energy during the motion does not alter, just is abiding. This means that the movement of the bob of uncomplicated pendulum is in line with the law of conservation of the energy. Hence, the objective of the lab experiment which was to investigate the conservation of free energy in a simple mechanical organisation is met. However, some errors might have produced some biases.

This report on Energy Conservation: The Lab Experiment was written and submitted past your fellow student. You are free to apply it for enquiry and reference purposes in lodge to write your own newspaper; however, you must cite information technology accordingly.

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